Each cell consists of the following parts see figure 1. This site provides information and links appropriate for histology in the neural, muscular, and behavioral unit, serving the siu school of medicine, year one curriculum prior to 2015, neural, muscular and behavioral unit nmb was called the sensorimotor systems and behavior unit ssb. The cell membrane of these muscle fibers is known as sarcolemma. Muscle and nervous tissue muscle tissue general characteristics of muscle elongated cells in direction of contraction appearance depends on direction of cut longitudinal or cross section general functions of muscle contracts in response to a stimulus to generate movement o movement of one part with respect to another. Human anatomy and physiology i laboratory histology of nervous tissue and the spinal cord this lab involves two laboratory exercises. Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system. Nervous tissue consists of two kinds of nerve cells. Monitoring changes in internal and external environment stimuli. They are electrically active and release chemical signals to target cells. Collagenous fibers or fibrocytesblasts are consequently not observed, which is quite unlike other tissues. Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs throughout the body. The nervous system regulates and controls bodily functions and activity and consists of two parts. Name four types of neuroglia in the cns, and list at least four functions of these cells.
Medical histology nervous tissue and neuromuscular junction. Each peripheral nerve is made of bundles of tracts. The following questions are designed for introductory drill. The cell body contains the nucleus and other cellular organelles.
Nervous tissue is an important part of the humans nervous system. Pdf the intent of this article is to assist pathologists inexperienced in examining central nervous system cns sections to recognize normal and. Nerve vary in size, but every nerve consist of parallel bundles peripheral axons. Nervous tissue is composed of two types of cells, neurons and glial cells. Learning objectives after this lecture, student should be able to.
Nervous tissue integrates and coordinates the activities of the bodys cells and organs through conduction of electrical impulses and secretion of chemical neurotransmitters. Identify neurons and understand the functional relationship between the soma and cell processes. Nervous tissue of all organism is composed of highly specialised cells called nueron which detect,recieve and transmits different kind of stimuli. Name four types of neuroglia in the cns, and list a function for each of these cells. Nervous tissue is the primary tissue that composes the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Nerve is a cordlike organ that is part of peripheral nervous system. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Neurons are the primary type of cell that most anyone associates with the nervous system. They are responsible for sensing stimuli and transmitting signals to and from different parts of an organism. Consisting of two basic types of cells, neurons and glial cells, nervous tissue represents a fundamental aspect of living organisms. Cell body perikaryonsoma a single axon multiple dendrites07122012 3. The cns consists of the brain encephalon, which is enclosed in the skull, and the spinal cord, which is.
Peripheral nervous system pns all nerves emergingarriving to cns nervous tissue cellularity. A single process, the axon, leaves at the other end, extending towards the dendrites of the next neuron or to form a motor endplate in a muscle. Pdf histology of the central nervous system researchgate. Neurons are the basic structural unit of the nervous system. List the sequence of events in a simple sensory receptormotor response pathway. Nervous tissue is a part of the vertebrate tissue that protects the nervous system. What is the difference between epithelial tissue and. Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along. The histology of the nervous tissue reveals neurons and neuroglia that propagate nerve impulse to internal and external stimuli. Peripheral nervous system ganglia, peripheral nerves, peripheral nerve. Anatomy and physiology nervous tissue free pdf ebook. They are responsible for the computation and communication that the nervous system provides. The function of nervous tissue is to transmit and receive external and internal stimuli. The focus of this chapter is on nervous neural tissue, both its structure and its function.
A bundle of neuron processes wrapped in connective tissue wrappings. Peripheral nerves can be found in the brain cortex. Distinguish between glial cells and neurons and know the different functions of these supporting glial cells. The mucosa consists of simple columnar epithelium lamina epithelialis, a connective tissue layer lamina propria and a smooth muscle layer lamina muscularis. Learn nervous tissue histology with free interactive flashcards. Glial cells, or glia, are known to play a supporting role for nervous tissue. Study histology of nervous tissue flashcards at proprofs ex. Unmyelinated nerve fibers cannot be found in the peripheral nerves. Sami zaqout iug general characteristics of muscles the structural and functional units of muscles are formed of special elongated cells known as muscle fibers. Nervous tissue this tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Ganglion clusters of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous systems, as well as associated glial cells and axons.
Nervous tissue is specialised to react to stimuli and to conduct impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimulus. Histology of neuron principle cells of nervous tissue consist of 3 parts. Histology connective, muscular, and nervous tissue mrs. Nervous tissue histology authorstream presentation.
The connective tissue coat that covers each individual peripheral nerve is called perineurium. The structure and function of nervous tissue v2 1st edition. Physiology ii and biochemistry ii focuses on the structure and function of nervous tissue. Nervous tissue consists of two main types of cells. Structure of a motor neuron a motor neuron has many processes cytoplasmic extensions, called dendtrites, which enter a large, grey cell body at one end. Therefore, ganglia can be distinguished from peripheral nerves by the presence of neuronal cell bodies. Nervous tissue the most complex of the four basic tissues, is composed of nerve cells, the neurons and supporting. Nerve cells are highly specialized to react to stimuli and conduct the excitation from one region of the body to another. The cellular unit of the nervous system is the neuron. Nervous tissue of the cns does not contain connective tissue other than that in the three meninges dura mater, arachnoid membrane and pia mater and in the walls of large blood vessels. Nervous tissue makes up one of the four basic tissue types. Medical histology nervous tissue and neuromuscular junction nervous tissue and neuromuscular junction front page main index anatomical figure schematicchart thumbnail slide number. At the end of this laboratory session, you should be able to. The cytoplasm of these muscle fibers is known as sarcoplasm.
Distinguish the major functions of the nervous system. The peripheral system responds to stimuli and sends impulses to the central system brain and spinal cord. Define, identify and describe the histological structure of neuron, its perikaryon and processes, their terminations and synapses as seen with both light and electron microscopy. Match the following anatomical terms column b with the appropriate description or.
Introduction to the nervous system and nervous tissue. Having looked at the components of nervous tissue, and the basic anatomy of the. Neuronsnerve cells that are specialized to detect and react to stimuli, by generating and conducting nerve impulses. Neurons soma processes dendrites axon axon hillock terminal arborization sinaptic buttons. Nervous tissue controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life three basic functions 1. It investigates the plasticity of synapses, their degeneration and regeneration, neuronal inclusions, rna of nervous tissue, and molecular organization of neural information processing. Nerve tissue nervous tissue, one of the four basic tissues, consists of nerve cells neurons and supporting cells neuroglia. Central nervous system cns consists of the brain and spinal cord. Nervous tissue is the fourth basic tissue type of the body and is organized into two basic systems. Extends from the cns to structures of the body viscera or periphery. Muscle and nervous tissue quiz yakima valley college. The nervous tissue is an assemblage of cells and supportive elements materials in which there is a predominance of cells which are highly specialized in the property of excitability and conductivity, whereby they are capable of generating and conducting electrochemical wave along their plasma membrane. Nervous system is divided anatomically into two major components. The structure and function of nervous tissue, volume iv.
Cell body nerve fiber is a general term for any neural process extension that emerges from the cell body of a neuron and it consists of an axon and myelin sheath if present in the nervous system there are nerve fibers in cns and pns it may be myelinated andor unmyelinated in cns it is made up of many nerve cell fibers bound together b y connective tissue, it has 3 parts. In other chapters, the finer details of the nervous system will be explained, but first looking at an overview of the system will allow you to begin to understand how its parts work together. Choose from 500 different sets of nervous tissue histology flashcards on quizlet. The intestinal epithelial cells enterocytes are overlaid by a layer of glycoproteins and mucin. Name the pns neuroglial cell that surrounds neuron cell bodies in ganglia.
By following this topic, you will find out about the basic structure of nerves, synapses, central and peripheral nervous systems, and supporting cells found in nervous tissue. Nervous tissue nt highly specialized tissue forms, receives and sorts signals irritability transmits electrical impulses conductivity functions of nerve tissue nervous tissue allows an organism to sense stimuli in both the internal and external environment. Surrounds all of the neuron processes contributing to a nerve. Nerve tissue as in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that branch throughout the body are all made up of specialised nerve cells called neurons. This striated tissue joins endtoend to branch, creating an extensive network of fibers that involuntarily pumps blood through the heart and blood vessels. They do not necessarily represent the quality of questions which will appear on the unit evaluation.
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